From: Diagnosis of enteric fever in the emergency department: a retrospective study from Pakistan
Parameters | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | + LR (95% CI) | − LR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdominal pain | 0.89 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.81 | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | 0.59 (0.31–1.13) |
Epigastric pain | 0.03 | 0.92 | 0.71 | 0.14 | 0.44 (0.14–1.37) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) |
Anorexia | 0.82 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.92 | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 1.15 (0.45–2.92) |
Vomiting | 0.54 | 0.22 | 0.79 | 0.08 | 0.68 (10.58–0.83) | 2.02 (1.21–3.38) |
Diarrhea | 0. 86 | 0.15 | 1.92 | 0.83 | 1.02 (0.91–1.13) | 0.87 (0.45–1.70) |
Chills | 0.86 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.73 | 1.01 (0.92–1.12) | 0.89 (0.50–1.57) |
Cough | 0.20 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.16 | 1.56 (0.75–3.22) | 0.91(0.81–1.03) |
Headache | 0.89 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.92 | 1.06 (0.94–1.19) | 0.66 (0..25–1.74) |
Past history of EF | 0.77 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.92 | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 1.50 (0.60–3.69) |
Dehydration | 0.33 | 0.54 | 0.80 | 0.12 | 0.73 (0.52–1.02) | 1.22 (0.94–1.58) |
Anemia | 0.21 | 0.86 | 0.9 | 0.16 | 1.61 (0.78–3.32) | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) |
Palpable lymph nodes | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.15 | 0.89 (0.26–2.98) | 1.00(0.93–1.08) |
Leukopenia | 0.31 | 0.77 | 0.88 | 0.17 | 1.36 (0.80–2.30) | 0.89(0.76–1.05) |
Neutropenia | 0.31 | 0.77 | 0.88 | 0.16 | 1.37 (0.81–2.32) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) |
Thrombocytopenia | 0.42 | 0.59 | 0.85 | 0.15 | 1.05 (0.74–1.51) | 0.95 (0.75–1.22) |