|
Age
| | |
0.18
| | |
0.17a
|
|
1st age quartile (18–44 years)
|
(Ref)
|
(Ref)
| |
1.88
|
1.00–3.54
| |
|
2nd age quartile (45–55 years)
|
1.81
|
0.98–3.35
| |
1.63
|
0.87–3.06
| |
|
3rd age quartile (56–68 years)
|
1.75
|
0.95–3.20
| |
1.17
|
0.61–2.24
| |
|
4th age quartile (69–101 years)
|
1.28
|
0.68–2.40
| | | | |
|
Diastolic (<52 mmHg)
|
4.66
|
1.71–12.71
|
<0.01
|
4.59
|
1.57–13.39
|
<0.01
|
|
Hemoglobin (<10 g/dL)
|
1.48
|
0.87–2.51
|
0.15
| | | |
|
Albumin (<3.5 g/dL)
|
5.11
|
2.60–10.0
|
<0.01
|
4.82
|
2.40–9.69
|
<0.01
|
|
Bicarbonate (<20 mEq/L)
|
1.88
|
0.90–3.92
|
0.09
| | | |
|
Serum sodium (>145 mEq/L)
|
2.03
|
0.85–4.79
|
0.11
| | | |
|
Serum glucose (>300 or <60 mg/dL)
|
0.63
|
0.27–1.43
|
0.27
| | | |
|
Nursing home resident
|
1.51
|
0.89–2.55
|
0.12
| | | |
|
Race
| | |
0.92
| | | |
|
Hispanics
|
(Ref)
|
(Ref)
| | | | |
|
Blacks
|
0.87
|
0.52–1.46
| | | | |
|
Whites
|
1.06
|
0.54–2.08
| | | | |
|
Other
|
1.08
|
0.58–2.01
| | | | |
|
Sex (women)
|
1.19
|
0.78–1.80
|
0.42
| | | |
|
Clinical suspicion for pneumonia in the ER
|
1.37
|
0.87–2.15
|
0.17
| | | |
|
Patient has a dialysis catheter
|
0.73
|
0.16–3.29
|
0.68
| | | |
|
History of DM
|
0.84
|
0.54–1.32
|
0.46
| | | |
|
History of CHF
|
0.93
|
0.45–1.90
|
0.84
| | | |
|
History of CAD
|
1.41
|
0.77–2.58
|
0.26
| | | |
|
History of liver diseaseb
|
1.71
|
0.89–3.28
|
0.11
| | | |
|
History of kidney diseasec
|
1.46
|
0.79–2.73
|
0.23
| | | |
|
History of obstructive lung diseased
|
1.38
|
0.85–2.24
|
0.19
| | | |
|
History of CVA
|
1.79
|
0.96–3.32
|
0.06
| | | |
|
History of AIDS
|
2.44
|
1.05–5.64
|
0.04
| | | |
|
History of cancer
|
1.47
|
0.80–2.70
|
0.21
| | | |
|
History of alcohol abuse
|
1.24
|
0.52–2.96
|
0.62
| | | |
