|
Item
|
%
|
Crude analysis
|
Adjusted analysis
|
|---|
|
Odds ratio (95% CI)
|
P
|
Odds ratio (95% CI)
|
P
|
|---|
|
24-h back-up coverage
|
|
Academic ED
|
84.8
|
3.4 (1.7–6.5)
|
< 0.001
|
3.3 (1.7–6.8)
|
< 0.001
|
|
High-volume ED
|
73.8
|
1.4 (0.8–2.5)
|
0.3
|
1.4 (0.7–2.5)
|
0.3
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
73.9
|
1.9 (1.2–3.0)
|
0.008
|
1.8 (1.1–3.0)
|
0.02
|
|
Urban ED
|
75.2
|
1.7 (1.1–2.9)
|
0.03
|
1.7 (1.0–2.9)
|
0.06
|
|
Supraglottic airway device
|
|
Academic ED
|
60.8
|
1.6 (1.0–2.4)
|
0.07
|
1.6 (1.0–2.8)
|
0.08
|
|
High-volume ED
|
56.2
|
1.3 (0.8–2.2)
|
0.3
|
1.4 (0.8–2.4)
|
0.2
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
54.3
|
1.3 (0.8–2.0)
|
0.3
|
1.2 (0.7–1.8)
|
0.5
|
|
Urban ED
|
49.6
|
0.9 (0.6–1.4)
|
0.6
|
0.8 (0.5–1.3)
|
0.4
|
|
Surgical airway device
|
|
Academic ED
|
93.7
|
0.6 (0.2–1.7)
|
0.3
|
0.7 (0.2–2.3)
|
0.5
|
|
High-volume ED
|
95
|
0.7 (0.2–2.5)
|
0.7
|
0.7 (0.2–2.6)
|
0.6
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
95.7
|
1.0 (0.3–2.9)
|
1
|
1.2 (0.4–3.7)
|
0.8
|
|
Urban ED
|
94
|
0.6 (0.2–1.6)
|
0.3
|
0.7 (0.2–2.2)
|
0.5
|
|
DAM cart
|
|
Academic ED
|
49.4
|
1.0 (0.6–1.6)
|
1
|
1.0 (0.6–1.7)
|
0.9
|
|
High-volume ED
|
52.5
|
1.1 (0.7–1.9)
|
0.7
|
1.2 (0.7–2.0)
|
0.6
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
49.5
|
1.0 (0.6–1.5)
|
1
|
1.0 (0.6–1.5)
|
1
|
|
Urban ED
|
47.9
|
0.9 (0.6–1.4)
|
0.6
|
0.9 (0.6–1.4)
|
0.6
|
|
Neuromuscular blocking agents
|
|
Academic ED
|
83.5
|
2.9 (1.5–5.5)
|
0.001
|
3.2 (1.6–6.5)
|
0.001
|
|
High-volume ED
|
80
|
2.2 (1.2–4.1)
|
0.01
|
2.2 (1.1–4.1)
|
0.02
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
78.8
|
3.0 (1.9–4.9)
|
< 0.001
|
2.7 (1.6–4.4)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Urban ED
|
68.4
|
1.0 (0.6–1.6)
|
1
|
0.9 (0.5–1.6)
|
0.9
|
|
Anesthesiology rotation
|
|
Academic ED
|
20.3
|
0.3 (0.2–0.6)
|
< 0.001
|
0.3 (0.2–0.6)
|
< 0.001
|
|
High-volume ED
|
38.8
|
1.0 (0.6–1.7)
|
1
|
1.0 (0.6–1.7)
|
0.9
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
33.7
|
0.6 (0.4–1.0)
|
0.05
|
0.7 (0.4–1.1)
|
0.08
|
|
Urban ED
|
35
|
0.8 (0.5–1.3)
|
0.34
|
0.8 (0.5–1.4)
|
0.5
|
|
Routine use of capnometry to confirm ETI
|
|
Academic ED
|
53.2
|
1.4 (0.9–2.4)
|
0.2
|
1.3 (0.8–2.3)
|
0.3
|
|
High-volume ED
|
47.5
|
1.0 (0.6–1.7)
|
1
|
0.9 (0.5–1.6)
|
0.8
|
|
Tertiary ED
|
54.3
|
2.1 (1.3–3.3)
|
0.002
|
2.1 (1.3–3.3)
|
0.002
|
|
Urban ED
|
45.3
|
0.9 (0.6–1.5)
|
0.7
|
0.9 (0.6–1.5)
|
0.7
|
-
CI confidence interval, DAM difficult airway management, ETI endotracheal intubation
- Academic ED, high-volume ED, and tertiary ED are defined in Table 1
