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Table 9 Association between outcomes of interest and emergency department (ED) type

From: Human and equipment resources for difficult airway management, airway education programs, and capnometry use in Japanese emergency departments: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Item

%

Crude analysis

Adjusted analysis

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

24-h back-up coverage

 Academic ED

84.8

3.4 (1.7–6.5)

< 0.001

3.3 (1.7–6.8)

< 0.001

 High-volume ED

73.8

1.4 (0.8–2.5)

0.3

1.4 (0.7–2.5)

0.3

 Tertiary ED

73.9

1.9 (1.2–3.0)

0.008

1.8 (1.1–3.0)

0.02

 Urban ED

75.2

1.7 (1.1–2.9)

0.03

1.7 (1.0–2.9)

0.06

Supraglottic airway device

 Academic ED

60.8

1.6 (1.0–2.4)

0.07

1.6 (1.0–2.8)

0.08

 High-volume ED

56.2

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

0.3

1.4 (0.8–2.4)

0.2

 Tertiary ED

54.3

1.3 (0.8–2.0)

0.3

1.2 (0.7–1.8)

0.5

 Urban ED

49.6

0.9 (0.6–1.4)

0.6

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

0.4

Surgical airway device

 Academic ED

93.7

0.6 (0.2–1.7)

0.3

0.7 (0.2–2.3)

0.5

 High-volume ED

95

0.7 (0.2–2.5)

0.7

0.7 (0.2–2.6)

0.6

 Tertiary ED

95.7

1.0 (0.3–2.9)

1

1.2 (0.4–3.7)

0.8

 Urban ED

94

0.6 (0.2–1.6)

0.3

0.7 (0.2–2.2)

0.5

DAM cart

 Academic ED

49.4

1.0 (0.6–1.6)

1

1.0 (0.6–1.7)

0.9

 High-volume ED

52.5

1.1 (0.7–1.9)

0.7

1.2 (0.7–2.0)

0.6

 Tertiary ED

49.5

1.0 (0.6–1.5)

1

1.0 (0.6–1.5)

1

 Urban ED

47.9

0.9 (0.6–1.4)

0.6

0.9 (0.6–1.4)

0.6

Neuromuscular blocking agents

 Academic ED

83.5

2.9 (1.5–5.5)

0.001

3.2 (1.6–6.5)

0.001

 High-volume ED

80

2.2 (1.2–4.1)

0.01

2.2 (1.1–4.1)

0.02

 Tertiary ED

78.8

3.0 (1.9–4.9)

< 0.001

2.7 (1.6–4.4)

< 0.001

 Urban ED

68.4

1.0 (0.6–1.6)

1

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.9

Anesthesiology rotation

 Academic ED

20.3

0.3 (0.2–0.6)

< 0.001

0.3 (0.2–0.6)

< 0.001

High-volume ED

38.8

1.0 (0.6–1.7)

1

1.0 (0.6–1.7)

0.9

 Tertiary ED

33.7

0.6 (0.4–1.0)

0.05

0.7 (0.4–1.1)

0.08

 Urban ED

35

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

0.34

0.8 (0.5–1.4)

0.5

Routine use of capnometry to confirm ETI

 Academic ED

53.2

1.4 (0.9–2.4)

0.2

1.3 (0.8–2.3)

0.3

 High-volume ED

47.5

1.0 (0.6–1.7)

1

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.8

 Tertiary ED

54.3

2.1 (1.3–3.3)

0.002

2.1 (1.3–3.3)

0.002

 Urban ED

45.3

0.9 (0.6–1.5)

0.7

0.9 (0.6–1.5)

0.7

  1. CI confidence interval, DAM difficult airway management, ETI endotracheal intubation
  2. Academic ED, high-volume ED, and tertiary ED are defined in Table 1
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International Journal of Emergency Medicine

ISSN: 1865-1380

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