Table 4 Characteristics of study patients according to category of diagnosis (categorical variables) (N = cardiac 43, non-cardiac 29. Both cardiac and non-cardiac 28)
From: Approach to undifferentiated dyspnea in emergency department: aids in rapid clinical decision-making
Variable | Category of diagnosis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiac | Non-cardiac | Both | P value | |
Exertional dyspnea | 23 | 6 | 13 | .019 |
Orthopnea | 29 | 8 | 17 | .003 |
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea | 9 | 2 | 3 | .204 |
Previous heart failure | 6 | 0 | 2 | .093 |
Chronic kidney disease | 0 | 0 | 4 | NA |
Chronic respiratory disease | 2 | 0 | 3 | .185 |
Coronary artery disease | 5 | 0 | 0 | .031 |
Fever and cough | 2 | 16 | 12 | .000 |
Any cardiac murmur | 1 | 0 | 1 | .616 |
Peripheral edema | 23 | 7 | 11 | .045 |
Jugular venous distension | 18 | 1 | 7 | .001 |
Displaced apex beat | 10 | 0 | 4 | .020 |
S3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | .133 |
Wheeze | 3 | 6 | 5 | .203 |
Rhonchi and rales | 0 | 2 | 3 | .110 |
Basal rales | 13 | 3 | 6 | .135 |
Rales > 1/3 lung fields | 4 | 3 | 8 | .060 |
ECG abnormality | 27 | 10 | 20 | .011 |
Lung sliding (absent to decreased) | 3 | 10 | 0 | .002 |
Pleural effusion | 3 | 3 | 3 | .827 |
B profile | ||||
Bilateral | 31 | 12 | 20 | .07 |
Focal | 2 | 4 | 2 | |
A lines | 10 | 13 | 6 | |
EF eyeball method | ||||
Severe LV dysfunction | 19 | 0 | 6 | .000 |
Moderate LV dysfunction | 9 | 2 | 8 | |
Normal | 13 | 29 | 14 | |
Need for ABG analysis | 2 | 13 | 16 | .000 |
Dilated RV | 15 | 7 | 15 | .06 |
Increased kidney echotexture | 13 | 12 | 15 | .144 |