Theme | Sub-themes |
---|---|
Types of violence | Verbal violence, physical violence |
Experiences of violence | Between patients and doctors, between attendants/bystanders and doctors, between patients and nurses, between bystanders and nurses, between patients and other hospital staff, between bystanders and other hospital staff |
Causes of violence | Financial, health literacy, communication challenges, emotional factors, perpetuation based on media/prior events, gender factors, ED factors (crowding, noisiness, long wait times, etc), age factors, intoxication |
Description of events | Timing, involving physicians, involving nurses, involving other ED staff, involving patients, involving family or attendants/bystanders |
Consequences | On doctors or providers, on patients and their care, on society |
Responsibility | Patients, bystanders/attendants, nurses, doctors, other hospital staff, hospital, society |
Prevention strategies | Improved communication, improved knowledge and skills (among physicians/providers), improved patient and societal education, improved security, hospital interventions, government interventions |