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Table 2 Summarized findings of included COVID-19 research articles

From: Physical and mental health impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: a scoping review

Author, year, country

Study title

Study design and population

Intervention/outcome

Key findings

Mental health impacts

Xiao H et al. 2020, China

The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China

Cross-sectional study

N = 180

Anxiety,

self-efficacy,

stress,

sleep quality,

social support

High levels of anxiety, stress, and self-efficacy were associated with sleep quality and social support

Huang JZ et al. 2020, China

Mental health survey of 230 medical staff in a tertiary infectious disease hospital for COVID-19

Cross-sectional study

N = 246

Mental health status (anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder)

Overall anxiety (23.04%)

Severe anxiety (2.17%)

Moderate anxiety (4.78%)

Mild anxiety (16.09%)

Anxiety in females higher than males (25.67% vs. 11.63%)

Anxiety in nurses higher than doctors (26.88% vs. 14.29%)

Stress disorder (27.39%)

Chen Q et al. 2020, China

Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak

Correspondence

N = 1230

Intervention:

place of rest, food and daily supply for staff, video recording of the daily routine of staff, pre-job training to deal with psychological problems in patients, PPE, leisure activities and training to relax, psychological counselors

Outcome: irritability, unwillingness to rest, psychological distress before and after intervention

The learning from psychological interventions is expected to help the Chinese government and other parts of the world to better respond to future unexpected infectious disease outbreaks

Kang L et al. 2020, Wuhan, China

The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus

Correspondence

N = 1230

Intervention:

Built psychological intervention medical team, hotline, various group activities to release stress

Outcome: change in stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia denial, anger and fear before and after intervention

This approach provides multifaceted psychological protection of the mental health of medical workers.

Jianbo Lai et al. 2020, China

Factors associated with Mental Health outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019

Cross-sectional study

N = 1257,

34 hospitals

Depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress

Depression (50.4%)

Anxiety (44.6%)

Insomnia (34.0%)

Distress (71.5%)

More psychological burden among nurses, women, those in Wuhan, and frontline healthcare workers

Physical health impacts

Ran L et al. 2020, Wuhan, China

Risk factors of Healthcare Workers with Corona Virus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Designated Hospital of Wuhan in China

Retrospective cohort study

N = 83

Sociodemographic characteristics, time to symptomatic progression, contact history, medical practice, hand hygiene, and PPE

28 HCWs were diagnosed with COVID-19

Diagnosed family member (p < 0.01), unqualified hand-washing (p < 0.05), suboptimal hand hygiene before (p < 0.01), and after (p < 0.01) contact with patients

Improper PPE (p < 0.05)

were associated with increased risk of infection

Liu M et al., 2020, China

Clinical characteristics of 30 medical workers infected with new coronavirus pneumonia

Cross-sectional study

N = 30

Clinical characteristics of medical staff with novel coronavirus pneumonia

Total of 30 cases, 26 mild cases, and 4 severe cases

Cough (83.33%)

Fever (76.67%) were the most common symptoms

Lan J et al. 2020, Hubei, China

Skin damage among health-care workers managing coronavirus disease-2019

Cross-sectional study

N = 700

Cutaneous complications related to preventative measures among health-care workers treating patients with COVID-19

Prevalence of skin damage: 97% Nasal bridge most common site: 83.1%

Dryness/tightness: 70.3%

Kangqi Ng et al. 2020, Singapore

COVID-19 and the Risk to Health Care Workers: A Case Report

Case report

N = 41

The rate of infection in 41 health-care workers exposed to the patient with COVID-19 during aerosol-generating procedure

None of the healthcare workers got infected by COVID-19

85% of healthcare workers were wearing surgical masks while 15% were wearing N-95 during aerosol-generating procedure

Surgical masks, hand hygiene, and other standard procedures were sufficient to protect against infection

Vincent C.C. Cheng et al. 2020, Hongkong

Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong

Cross-sectional study

N = 413

Contact tracing of HCWs with unprotected exposure

2.7% (11/413) HCWs had unprotected exposure, none of them were infected