Table 4 The frequency of chronically used medications by hyperkalemia severity
Medications | Hyperkalemia severity | Chi-square, p-value (X2, degree of freedom) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mild (5.5–5.9 mmol/L) (N=7) N (%) | Moderate (6-6.4 mmol/L) (N=27) N (%) | Severe (≥6.5 mmol/L) (N=33) N (%) | ||
ACEIs | 2 (28.6) | 7 (25.9) | 12 (36.4) | 0.677 (0.780, 2) |
ARBs | 4 (57.1) | 6 (22.2) | 9 (27.3) | 0.185 (3.374, 2) |
Beta-blockers | 3 (42.9) | 14 (51.9) | 18 (54.5) | 0.853 (0.319, 2) |
CCBs | 5 (71.4) | 11 (40.7) | 12 (36.4) | 0.230 (2.939, 2) |
Aspirin | 4 (57.1) | 15 (56.6) | 15 (45.5) | 0.693 (0.734, 2) |
Other NSAIDs | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.217 (3.054, 2) |
LMWH or unfractured heparin | 2 (28.6) | 1 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | 0.076 (5.163, 2) |
Warfarin | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.4) | 3 (9.1) | 0.708 (0.691, 2) |
PPIs | 4 (57.1) | 17 (63.0) | 18 (54.5) | 0.804 (0.436, 2) |
Statins | 4 (57.1) | 18 (66.7) | 21 (63.6) | 0.892 (0.228, 2) |
Metformin | 0 (0.0) | 5 (18.5) | 7 (21.2) | 0.411 (1.779, 2) |
Insulin | 5 (71.4) | 10 (37.0) | 8 (24.2) | 0.054 (5.851, 2) |
Levothyroxine | 1 (14.3) | 2 (7.4) | 3 (9.1) | 0.850 (0.324, 2) |
Allopurinol | 1 (14.3) | 1 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | 0.574 (1.110, 2) |
Cortisol | 1 (14.3) | 2 (7.4) | 2 (6.1) | 0.754 (0.566, 2) |
Loop diuretics | 3 (42.9) | 11 (40.7) | 1 (33.3) | 0.798 (0.451, 2) |
Thiazide diuretics | 1 (14.3) | 3 (11.1) | 3 (9.1) | 0.910 (0.188, 2) |
Potassium-sparing diuretics | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | 0.756 (0.559, 2) |
Digitalis | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.0) | 0.141 (3.918, 2) |
Clopidogrel | 0 (0.0) | 5 (18.5) | 3 (9.1) | 0.314 (2.315, 2) |