Table 4 A modified Poisson regression analysis showing determinants of prehospital sudden clinical deterioration among the cohort of COVID-19 patients trasnsported by EMS, May to August 2021, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Variables | Prehospital sudden deterioration | CRR (95%) CI | ARR (95%) CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
The profession of EMS provider | ||||
 Nurses | 33 | 164 | 1 |  |
 General practitioner | 31 | 363 | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) |
Response time in minutes | ||||
 ≤30 | 9 | 146 | 1 |  |
 >30 | 55 | 381 | 1.04 (1.01–1.06) | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) |
Total prehospital time in minutes | ||||
 <60 | 10 | 139 | 1 | 1 |
 ≥60 | 54 | 338 | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 1.03 (1.00–1.06)* |
Queuing delays | ||||
 Yes | 24 | 58 | 1.13 (1.06–1.19) | 1.20 (1.04–1.16)** |
 No | 40 | 469 | 1 | 1 |
Delays in locating the patient address | ||||
 Yes | 11 | 37 | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) |
 No | 53 | 490 | 1 | 1 |
The initial prehospital RR | ||||
 ≤30 breath/minutes | 52 | 483 | 1 | 1 |
 >30 breath/minutes | 12 | 43 | 1.07 (1.00–1.14) | 1.07 (1.01–1.13)* |
Having ≥1 comorbid chronic illness | ||||
 Yes | 43 | 191 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1.01 (0.96–1.04) |
 No | 21 | 336 | 1 | 1 |
Known diabetic | ||||
 Yes | 32 | 108 | 1.09 (1.05–1.13) | 1.06 (1.01–1.11)* |
 No | 32 | 419 | 1 | 1 |
Known hypertensive | ||||
 Yes | 30 | 126 | 1.06 (1.03–1.10) | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) |
 No | 34 | 401 | 1 | 1 |
Chronic heart disease | ||||
 Yes | 10 | 25 | 1.11 (1.02–1.21) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) |
 No | 54 | 502 | 1 | 1 |
Asthmatic or COPD | ||||
 Yes | 16 | 34 | 1.14 (1.05–1.23) | 1.07 (0.98–1.15) |
 No | 48 | 493 | 1 | 1 |
Omission of care due to lack of medication | ||||
 Yes | 16 | 64 | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) |
 No | 48 | 483 | 1 | 1 |
Omission of care due to lack of equipment | ||||
 Yes | 27 | 125 | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) |
 No | 37 | 402 | 1 | 1 |