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Incidence and risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in younger age groups

Objectives

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity globally. The incidence of ACS in the younger population is rising; hence, there is a need for more careful evaluation and proper disposition of this subset population.

This study determines the incidence, risk factors and mortality of Myocardial Infarction (STEMI & NSTEMI) among hospitalized patients presenting to the ED with chest pain ages 40 years or less.

Methodology

Patient-records were reviewed and collected from the Medical Record Department and analyzed in terms of variables such as risk factors, type of MI, and mortality.

This was a retrospective study of all patients who presented to the ED and were admitted with a diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction at MIMS Kottakkal over a span of 2 years (August 2012- August 2014). All patients aged 18-40 presenting to ED with a complaint of chest pain / discomfort and admitted with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction were included, and patients with congenital cardiac defects were excluded.

Results

A total of 955 patients were admitted with Myocardial Infarction in these 2 years, out of which 37 patients (3.9 %) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 36.14 years, Male:Female ratio was found to be 8:1 . Incidence of AWMI, IWMI, NSTEMI and LWMI were 36.2 %, 33.33 %,30.5 % and nil cases respectively. The risk factors in our patients were dyslipidemia, smoking, diabetes and hypertension , & family history.

Conclusion

Healthcare providers should be vigilant and have a high index of suspicion when dealing with patients presenting with chest pain less than 40 years old than to discharge them as non-cardiac pain without appropriate evaluation and workup.

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Correspondence to Abhishek Sharma.

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Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Sharma, A., Chomayil, Y., Karim, F.A. et al. Incidence and risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in younger age groups. Int J Emerg Med 8 (Suppl 1), P4 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1865-1380-8-S1-P4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1865-1380-8-S1-P4

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