Articles

The use of a formative OSCE to prepare emergency medicine residents for summative OSCEs: a mixed-methods cohort study

The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a part of emergency medicine (EM) examinations such as the Masters of Medicine in Emergency Medicine (MMed) examination and the equivalent Member of the ...

Authors: Magdalene Hui Min Lee, Dong Haur Phua and Kenneth Wei Jian Heng

Interhospital transfer of COVID-19 patients treated with high-flow nasal oxygen therapy

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, early intubation was recommended on the basis of worldwide observations of severe hypoxemia. However, some patients were ultimately able to benefit from high-flow nasal c...

Authors: Elophe Dubie, François Morin, Dominique Savary, Amaury Serruys and Pascal Usseglio

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma: a case report

Spinal epidural hematomas usually occur under certain conditions; they rarely occur spontaneously. The prevalence of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is ~ 0.1 per 100,000, and the male-to-female ratio is a...

Authors: Ooi Chin Sheng, Ren-Chieh Wu and I-Hsin Chang

Impact of a binary triage system and structural reorganization of emergency department on health care workers exposed to suspected COVID-19 patients—a single-centre analysis

A binary triage system based on infectivity and facilitated by departmental restructuring was developed to manage suspected COVID-19 patients with an aim to provide effective prevention and control of infectio...

Authors: Mahathar Abd. Wahab, Sufian Safaai and Ismail Mohd Saiboon

A rare case of persistent air leak: beware of all the tubes

Patients with acute respiratory failure, impaired consciousness, and impaired airway reflexes will require invasive mechanical ventilation. Monitoring of such patients is important. The use of ventilator scala...

Authors: Amarja Ashok Havaldar, Abdul Rahim Fazal and Abhilash Chennabasappa

Language diversity and challenges to communication in Indian emergency departments

Communication in emergency departments (ED) in India is complicated by the country’s immense language diversity. Prior research has revealed challenges in language and communication as barriers to care. Our ob...

Authors: Katherine Douglass, Lalit Narayan, Rebecca Allen, Jay Pandya and Zohray Talib

Early diagnosis and critical management of wound botulism in the emergency department: a single center experience and literature review

Clostridium botulinum remains a major threat to a select population of subcutaneous and intramuscular drug users. We conducted a retrospective study of patients who were diagnosed with wound botulism and their...

Authors: Michael M. Neeki, Fanlong Dong, Chuck Emond, Carol Lee, Arianna S. Neeki, Keeyon Hajjafar, Megan Messinger, Caitlyn O. Anderson, Reza Hajjafar and Rodney Borger

Successful treatment of severe electrolyte imbalance-induced cardiac arrest caused by adrenal tuberculosis with ECMO in the ED

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease, common in China. TB bacteria can invade multiple organs throughout the body, but they rarely cause critical illness. We present a complex critically ill case ...

Authors: Ning Yang, Liping Zhou, Xiaoye Mo, Guoqing Huang and Ping Wu

Public attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and performance in Singapore

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates remain fairly low through most communities despite multiple interventions through the years. Understanding the attitudes and fears behind CPR training and pe...

Authors: Susmita Roy Chowdhury and Venkataraman Anantharaman

Postmortem diagnosis of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy with rapid exacerbation in a patient with gastric cancer: a case report

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a condition that involves the development of pulmonary hypertension due to the presence of microscopic tumor emboli of the peripheral pulmonary arteries. He...

Authors: Ryo Kamidani, Keisuke Kumada, Hideshi Okada, Genki Yoshimura, Tomohiro Kanayama, Hiroyuki Tomita, Tomotaka Miura, Hideaki Oiwa, Yosuke Mizuno, Yuichiro Kitagawa, Ryu Yasuda, Tetsuya Fukuta, Takahito Miyake, Tomoaki Doi, Takahiro Yoshida, Shozo Yoshida…

Recurrent acute pancreatitis during a ketogenic diet—a case report and literature review

The ketogenic (“keto”) diet has been gaining more attention lately in the medical literature and the lay media as a potentially effective method for weight control and management of type 2 diabetes. Though rar...

Authors: Joseph Choi, Tayler L. Young and Lucas B. Chartier

A big white dot after CPR

Patients may remain comatose after the resumption of spontaneous circulation with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A primary neurologic event may precede a cardiac standstill.

Authors: Sushma Kola, Alexander D. Ginsburg, Laura Harper, Laura E. Walker, Sherri Braksick and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a mini-review

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a novel, life-threatening hyperinflammatory condition that develops in children a few weeks after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coron...

Authors: Martina Giacalone, Eric Scheier and Itai Shavit

When disasters strike the emergency department: a case series and narrative review

Emergency departments (EDs) are reasonably well prepared for external disasters, such as natural disasters, mass casualty incidents, and terrorist attacks.

Authors: Dennis G. Barten, Vincent W. Klokman, Sigrid Cleef, Nathalie A. L. R. Peters, Edward C. T. H. Tan and Arjen Boin

Impact of an end-of-fourth-year emergency medicine bootcamp

The final months of the fourth-year of medical school are variable in educational and clinical experience, and the effect on clinical knowledge and preparedness for residency is unclear. Specialty-specific “bo...

Authors: Jason J. Lewis, Anne V. Grossestreuer and Edward A. Ullman

A survey study of the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physician parents

Authors: Jean C. Y. Lo, E. Lea Walters, Deena I. Bengiamin, Emma M. Spivey, Katelyyn C. Wegrzyn and Ellen Reibling

A young woman presented with massive pulmonary embolism with inferior vena cava thrombus as a complication of nephrotic syndrome: a case report

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) was first described in 1827 as the presence of proteinuria of ≥ 3.5 g/24 h, hypoalbuminemia < 3.0 g/dl, peripheral edema, hyperlipidemia, lipiduria, and increased thrombotic risk. Nephr...

Authors: Mohamed Osman Omar Jeele, Rukia Omar Barei Addow and Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud

Rapid sequence intubation: a survey of current practice in the South African pre-hospital setting

Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is an advanced airway skill commonly performed in the pre-hospital setting globally. In South Africa, pre-hospital RSI was first approved for non-physician providers by the Heal...

Authors: Johanna Catharina Botha, Andrit Lourens and Willem Stassen

A focused, longitudinal analysis of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome symptomatology

Authors: Philip H. Ma, Katherine M. Joyce, Thayer Morton, David W. Shih, Alexander Weiss and Joseph Miller

Hereditary angioedema

A 14-year-old African American female presented to the emergency department with spontaneous, sudden-onset lip swelling for 1 h. On examination, there was significant water-bag edema of the upper lip extending...

Authors: Helen Lesser and Jason E. Cohn

Feasible and effective use of a simulation-based curriculum for post-graduate emergency medicine trainees in India to improve learner self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills

Pediatric emergency medicine training is in its infancy in India. Simulation provides an educational avenue to equip trainees with the skills to improve pediatric care. We hypothesized that a simulation-based ...

Authors: T. Ahluwalia, S. Toy, C. Gutierrez, K. Boggs and K. Douglass

Adolescent and young adult stress and coping during COVID-19: the utility of a pediatric emergency department screener

COVID-19 altered lives, especially adolescents and young adults who lost their emotional and social support systems and may be suffering.

Authors: Ji-Ting Janet Yau and Alan L. Nager

Spontaneous giant rectus sheath hematoma in patients with COVID-19: two case reports and literature review

Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, as a global public health emergency, has come with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and complications. In this study, we present a unique complication of this dis...

Authors: Behzad Nematihonar, Shohra Qaderi, Jaffer Shah and Javad zebarjadi Bagherpour

Microbiological findings in emergency department patients with sepsis identified by the Sepsis-3 criteria: a single-center prospective population-based cohort study

Studies comparing the microbiological profiles among sepsis patients identified with either Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria are limit...

Authors: Signe Trille Sørensen, S. M. Osama Bin Abdullah, Rune Husås Sørensen, Ram Dessau, Niels Høiby and Finn Erland Nielsen

Diagnostic delay of acute mitral regurgitation during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a case report

Diagnostic errors or delays can cause serious consequences for patient safety, especially in the emergency department. Anchoring bias is one of the major factors leading to diagnostic error. During the coronav...

Authors: Azumi Kawabata, Hiraku Funakoshi, Joji Ito, Takushi Santanda, Yasuhiro Norisue and Hiroyuki Watanabe

Prehospital time of suspected stroke patients treated by emergency medical service: a nationwide study in Thailand

This work was to study the prehospital time among suspected stroke patients who were transported by an emergency medical service (EMS) system using a national database.

Authors: Phantakan Tansuwannarat, Pongsakorn Atiksawedparit, Arrug Wibulpolprasert and Natdanai Mankasetkit

Case report: appendicitis induced Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in a young healthy male

Appendicitis is one of the most frequently encountered conditions at the emergency department. Distinction is made between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis may cause serious...

Authors: Jan Arne Arne Deodatus, Sander Ferdinand Emiel Paas, Gerrit Hendrik Johan Wagenvoort and Marije Matilde de Kubber

Personal protective equipment and doffing procedures in out-of-hospital practice: assessment with a contamination simulation

The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by emergency medical services (EMS) providers requires specific attention, as it takes place in out-of-hospital unsecured settings. The aim of this study was to e...

Authors: Fabrice Pottier, Charles Groizard, Grégory Briche, Nicolas Haraczaj, Maxime Garnier, Vinciane Loones, Anna Ozguler, Michel Baer, Géraldine Baer and Thomas Loeb

Predicting emergency department visits in a large teaching hospital

Emergency department (ED) visits show a high volatility over time. Therefore, EDs are likely to be crowded at peak-volume moments. ED crowding is a widely reported problem with negative consequences for patien...

Authors: Nathan Singh Erkamp, Dirk Hendrikus van Dalen and Esther de Vries

In-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and outcomes in the era of COVID-19: an observational study in a Singapore hospital

COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant strain on healthcare resources and this requires diligent resource re-allocation. We aim to describe the incidence and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA...

Authors: Ting Lyu, Faheem Ahmed Khan, Shanaz Matthew Sajeed, Amit Kansal, Monika Gulati Kansal, Shekhar Dhanvijay, Rou An Tan, Jared D’Souza, Ian Cendana, Patricia Leong and Chee Keat Tan

Calibrating a chief complaint list for low resource settings: a methodologic case study

The chief or presenting complaint is the reason for seeking health care, often in the patient’s own words. In limited resource settings, a diagnosis-based approach to quantifying burden of disease is not possi...

Authors: B. Hansoti, E. Hahn, A. Rao, J. Harris, A. Jenson, N. Markadakis, S. Moonat, V. Osula and A. Pousson

Subarachnoid hemorrhage in the emergency department

Subarachnoid hemorrhage accounts for more than 30,000 cases of stroke annually in North America and encompasses a 4.4% mortality rate. Since a vast number of subarachnoid hemorrhage cases present in a younger ...

Authors: Sima Patel, Amay Parikh and Okorie Nduka Okorie

The use of dual oxygen concentrator system for mechanical ventilation during COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah, Malaysia

Sabah in Malaysian Borneo is among the Malaysian states which reported a high number of detected COVID-19 cases during the current pandemic. Due to geographical challenges and limited resources, clinicians dev...

Authors: Phee Kheng Cheah, Evelyn Marie Steven, Khai Keam Ng, Muammar Iqbal Hashim, Mohamed Hakimi Abdul Kadir and Nicholas Paul Roder

Diagnostic pitfalls: intramyocardial lymphoma metastasis mimics acute coronary syndrome in a diffuse large B cell lymphoma patient—case report

Cardiac tumors are very uncommon compared to other cardiac diseases. Their clinical symptoms can vary from absent to non-specific. The most common symptoms are arrhythmias, blood flow obstruction due to valvul...

Authors: Lilla Prenek, Klára Csupor, Péter Beszterczán, Krisztina Boros, Erika Kardos, András Vorobcsuk, Miklós Egyed, Ádám Kellner, Péter Rajnics and Csaba Varga

Emergency medical dispatcher training as a strategy to improve pre-hospital care in low- and middle-income countries: the case study of Nepal

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often face significant challenges related to providing effective pre-hospital care services. Barriers to providing care include lack of financial resources, poor road i...

Authors: Claire L. Jacobson, Samjhana Basnet, Ajay Bhatt, Shreejesh Parajuli and Sanu Krishna Shrestha

The evaluation of using new trachea and skin manikins for practicing emergency anterior neck access

Emergency anterior neck access may be performed if intubation and ventilation fail. Practicing this life-saving procedure with manikins before facing a real-life emergency anterior neck access is required to d...

Authors: Sumidtra Prathep, Wilasinee Jitpakdee, Pittayapon Pitathawatchai and Sittichoke Anuntaseree

Health care-based voter registration: a new kind of healing

Authors: Alister Martin, Ali Raja and Halea Meese

Infected open depressed skull fracture complicated with tetanus grade I in an unimmunized child: a rare case report with literature review

Tetanus is a rare disease caused by Clostridium tetani, which produces tetanolysin and tetanospasmin. In 2018, there were only approximately ten tetanus cases reported in Indonesia. Despite widespread vaccination...

Authors: Dzulfikar D. L. Hakim, Ahmad Faried, Adila Nurhadiya, Ericko H. Laymena, Muhammad Z. Arifin, Akhmad Imron and Iwan Abdulrachman

Fulminant hepatic failure in a patient testing re-positive for SARS-CoV-2: a case report

Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may not elicit lifelong protective immunity and reinfection could occur. Liver function impairment is a common manifestation of coronav...

Authors: Bader Aldossary, Ali Hassan, Mohamed Moussa, Hind S. Alsaif and Dunya Alfaraj

The pathophysiology of “happy” hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia usually includes various neurological symptoms, which are the consequence of neuroglycopenia. When it is severe, it is associated with altered mental status, even coma.

Authors: Thomas Loeb, Anna Ozguler, Geraldine Baer and Michel Baer

Data missingness in the Michigan NEMSIS (MI-EMSIS) dataset: a mixed-methods study

The study was done to evaluate levels of missing and invalid values in the Michigan (MI) National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) (MI-EMSIS) and explore possible causes to inform improve...

Authors: Mahshid Abir, Rekar K. Taymour, Jason E. Goldstick, Rosalie Malsberger, Jane Forman, Stuart Hammond and Kathy Wahl

Use of sodium bicarbonate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a common cause of death worldwide (Neumar et al., Circulation 122:S729–S767, 2010), affecting about 300,000 persons in the USA on an annual basis; 92% of them die (Roge...

Authors: Mohammed S. Alshahrani and Hassan W. Aldandan

Non-penetrating traumatic psoas muscle hematoma presenting with gross hematuria: a case report

Psoas muscle hematoma is defined as a spontaneous or traumatic retroperitoneal collection of blood involving the psoas muscle. Early symptoms of an iliopsoas hematoma include lower abdominal or severe groin pa...

Authors: Lotfolah Abedini, Saadat Mehrabi, Reza Hosseinpour, Mohammad Bagher Jahantab, Vahid Salehi and Mohammad Javad Yavari Barhaghtalab

Disaster management of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a suboptimal response to this threatening global disaster, including the response to the psychological impact. Both the economic hardship and the continuous media coverage of ...

Authors: Mohamud Sheek-Hussein, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan and Emmanuel Stip

Protecting providers and patients: results of an Internet survey of health care workers’ risk perceptions and ethical concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated worldwide scarcity of critical resources to protect against and treat disease. Shortages of face masks and other protective equipment place health workers, already on the fr...

Authors: Lauren O’Neal, Michele Heisler, Ranit Mishori and Rohini J. Haar

Preliminary report of drive-through screening COVID-19 screening process in a large suburban community

Authors: Anne Ledvina, Ronny Otero, Jessica Hamilton, Carol Clark, Aveh Bastani, James Ziadeh, Jeffrey Ditkoff and Robert Swor

EMS operation in a female restricted university, Saudi prospective

This paper was written to explain the process and steps and to describe the experience with building a women-only operated collegiate emergency medical service (EMS) system in the largest women-only university...

Authors: Wajdan Alassaf, Sameer Al Hamid, Osama Kentab, Abdullah Al Otaibi and Bandar Al Mufareh

Implementation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) inhalation as the first-line treatment for nausea in the emergency department: practical advantages and influence on the quality of care

Nasal inhalation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) seems an effective anti-emetic for the symptomatic treatment of nausea in the emergency department (ED) compared to conventional anti-emetics (Ondansetron and Metocl...

Authors: Peter Veldhuis, Maartje Melse and Nieke Mullaart

The next wave: key adaptations to operational workflows of National Screening Centre (Singapore) and the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic

Authors: Charmaine Malenab Manauis, Marvin Loh, Amanda Hui Jun Lim, James Kwan, Han Jie Teo, David Kuan Peng Teng, Shawn Sushilan Vasoo, Yee Sin Leo and Hou Ang

Global point-of-care ultrasound education and training in the age of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted traditional global point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) education and training, as a result of travel restrictions. It has also provided an opportunity for innovation using a vi...

Authors: Onyinyechi F. Eke, Patricia C. Henwood, Grace W. Wanjiku, Abiola Fasina, Sigmund J. Kharasch and Hamid Shokoohi