Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 100 study patients

Age (mean in years, ±SD)

46 ± 20

Female

51

General campus

78

 • < $25,000

39

 • $25,000–90,000

49

 • > $90,000

19

 • Did not answer

2

Difficulty making ends meet at the end of the month

26

 • Did not complete high school

9

 • Completed high school or equivalent

31

 • College education or trade diploma

25

 • University education

35

 • Patients with English/French not as their first language

27

 • 1

0

 • 2

22

 • 3

57

 • 4

19

 • 5

2

Discharged in last 1 h of shift

23

 • Day: 0800–1600

30

 • Evening: 1600–2400

63

 • Night: 2400–0800

7

 • Abdominal/flank pain

12

 • Back pain

3

 • Chest pain/shortness of breath

11

 • Extremity injury/pain

14

 • Laceration/puncture

4

 • Urinary complaints

8

 • Others

48