Table 2 Demographics (encounter-level)—stratified to with boarders only
| Â | Overall | Admission | No admission | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Female (n, %) | 22,575 (44.3%) | 9519 (47.8%) | 13,056 (42.1%) | < .0001 |
Race (n, %) | ||||
 White/Caucasian | 38,552 (75.7%) | 15,903 (79.9%) | 22,649 (73.0%) | < .0001 |
 Black/African American | 8559 (16.8%) | 2911 (14.6%) | 5648 (18.2%) |  |
 Asian | 1479 (2.9%) | 393 (2.0%) | 1086 (3.5%) |  |
 Other/unknown | 2353 (4.6%) | 700 (3.5%) | 1653 (5.3%) |  |
Age category (years) (n, %) | ||||
 0–24 | 7338 (14.4%) | 1192 (6.0%) | 6146 (19.8%) | < .0001 |
 25–44 | 15,508 (30.4%) | 3950 (19.8%) | 11,558 (37.2%) |  |
 45–64 | 16,670 (32.7%) | 7552 (37.9%) | 9118 (29.4%) |  |
 65–84 | 5796 (11.4%) | 3543 (17.8%) | 2253 (7.3%) |  |
 85+ | 5631 (11.1%) | 3670 (18.4%) | 1961 (6.3%) |  |
Acuity level (n, %) | ||||
 Resuscitation | 567 (1.1%) | 534 (2.7%) | 33 (0.1%) | < .0001 |
 Emergent | 21,673 (42.5%) | 12,388 (62.2%) | 9285 (29.9%) |  |
 Urgent | 23,453 (46.0%) | 6819 (34.3%) | 16,634 (53.6%) |  |
 Non-urgent | 4810 (9.4%) | 163 (0.8%) | 4647 (15.0%) |  |
 Minor | 440 (0.9%) | 3 (0.0%) | 437 (1.4%) |  |
Primary payer (n, %) | ||||
 BCBS | 19,897 (39.1%) | 6464 (32.5%) | 13,433 (43.3%) | < .0001 |
 Commercial | 11,260 (22.1%) | 3509 (17.6%) | 7751 (25.0%) |  |
 Medicaid | 2237 (4.4%) | 1034 (5.2%) | 1203 (3.9%) |  |
 Medicare | 13,422 (26.3%) | 8146 (40.9%) | 5276 (17.0%) |  |
 Military | 250 (0.5%) | 100 (0.5%) | 150 (0.5%) |  |
 Self-Pay | 3345 (6.6%) | 552 (2.8%) | 2793 (9.0%) |  |
 Workers comp | 532 (1.0%) | 102 (0.5%) | 430 (1.4%) |  |
Arrival day (n, %) | ||||
 Sunday | 1009 (2.0%) | 364 (1.8%) | 645 (2.1%) | < .0001 |
 Monday | 7575 (14.9%) | 3139 (15.8%) | 4436 (14.3%) |  |
 Tuesday | 9714 (19.1%) | 3764 (18.9%) | 5950 (19.2%) |  |
 Wednesday | 10,080 (19.8%) | 3963 (19.9%) | 6117 (19.7%) |  |
 Thursday | 9924 (19.5%) | 3824 (19.2%) | 6100 (19.7%) |  |
 Friday | 9563 (18.8%) | 3756 (18.9%) | 5807 (18.7%) |  |
 Saturday | 3078 (6.0%) | 1097 (5.5%) | 1981 (6.4%) |  |
Arrival season (n, %) | ||||
 Spring | 9820 (19.3%) | 3981 (20.0%) | 5839 (18.8%) | 0.006 |
 Summer | 12,796 (25.1%) | 4897 (24.6%) | 7899 (25.5%) |  |
 Autumn | 15,938 (31.3%) | 6208 (31.2%) | 9730 (31.4%) |  |
 Winter | 12,389 (24.3%) | 4821 (24.2%) | 7568 (24.4%) |  |
Charlson index (mean, std) | 0.6 (0.9) | 0.9 (1.1) | 0.4 (0.7) | < .0001 |
Number of denials arrival day (mean, std) | 2.1 (2.1) | 2.1 (2.1) | 2.1 (2.1) | < .0001 |