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Table 1 Overview of breadth of dossier topics found in the IFEM ED Crowding and Access Block Task Force report

From: The International Federation for Emergency Medicine report on emergency department crowding and access block: a brief summary

Dossier topic

Background

 Evidence base for effects of crowding

 Financial and human costs of crowding

 Metrics

 International experience

 Case studies and patient voices

Patient flow

 Emergency medical services (prehospital services) offload

 Input and demand management

 Throughput

 Output and boarding

Management

 Leadership

 Legal risks and regulatory violations

 Policy

 Advocacy

 Early lessons from COVID-19 and disaster medicine

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International Journal of Emergency Medicine

ISSN: 1865-1380

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