Table 2 Factors associated with prehospital delay among AMI patients by simple logistic regression (n = 127)

Age (years)^c

-0.03

0.97 (0.95, 1.00)

3.50

0.061

Gender

 Male

1

 Female

 − 0.27

0.76 (0.22, 2.64)

0.19

0.666

Education level

 No schooling

1

 Primary school

0.09

1.09 (0.39, 3.09)

0.03

0.870

 Secondary school

 − 0.27

0.76 (0.24, 2.40)

0.22

0.642

 Tertiary education

0.37

1.44 (0.39, 5.39)

0.30

0.584

CAD risk factors

 Hypertension

  Yes

1

  No

 − 0.32

0.73 (0.29, 1.85)

0.45

0.503

Diabetes mellitus

 Yes

1

 No

 − 0.13

0.88 (0.37, 2.12)

0.08

0.780

Family history of CAD

 Yes

1

 No

0.14

1.15 (0.51, 2.64)

0.11

0.737

Hyperlipidemia

 Yes

1

 No

0.27

1.31 (0.59, 2.90)

0.44

0.508

Smoking

 Yes

1

 No

 − 0.49

0.61 (0.29, 1.28)

1.72

0.190

Nationality

 Maldives

1

 Foreigner

0.95

2.75

3.48

0.062

Clinical characteristic

 Previous episode of chest pain/CAD:

  Yes

1

  No

 − 0.76

0.47 (0.21, 1.04)

3.51

0.061

Character of chest pain

  Typical

1

  Atypical

0.09

1.10 (0.37, 3.23)

0.03

0.870

Severity of chest pain

 Mild (1–3)

1

 Moderate (4–6)

0.93

2.54 (0.32, 20.38)

0.78

0.379

 Severe (7–10)

0.24

1.27 (0.17, 9.45)

0.06

0.815

Behavioral and Cognitive response:

 Patients attempt at symptom relief measures:

  Waiting to resolve symptoms:

   Yes

1

   No

0.13

1.14 (0.56, 2.33)

0.12

0.727

Self/over-the-counter medication

 Yes

1

 No

0.42

1.53 (0.62, 3.79)

0.83

0.361

Denial of symptoms

 Yes

1

 No

1.89

6.61 (0.72, 60.95)

2.78

0.096

Patients reason to seek treatment:

 Attribute symptoms to heart

  Yes

1

  No

 − 0.92

0.40 (0.18, 0.87)

5.37

0.020

Reason for delayed decision making:

 Attempting symptom relief

  Yes

1

  No

0.39

1.48 (0.65, 3.39)

0.87

0.351

Fear of troubling others

 Yes

1

 No

 − 0.27

0.77 (0.07, 8.67)

0.05

0.829

Lack of knowledge

 Yes

1

 No

1.14

3.13 (1.20, 8.17)

5.41

0.020

Situational factors:

 Location of symptoms onset

  Home

1

  Workplace

1.07

2.93 (1.06, 8.09)

4.29

0.038

  Public place

0.79

2.20 (0.77, 6.26)

2.17

0.141

  Others

 − 0.82

0.44 (0.04, 5.05)

0.44

0.509

First medical contact (FMC)

 GP

1

 Health clinic

 − 1.12

0.33 (0.07, 1.58)

1.94

0.164

 Emergency department

0.43

1.54 (0.34, 6.97)

0.31

0.576

Referred patient

 Yes

1

 No

2.33

10.31 (3.93, 27.09)

22.42

 < 0.001

Means of transportation

 Ambulance

1

 Taxi

2.30

9.92 (2.79, 35.30)

12.56

 < 0.001

 Send by another person

1.20

3.31 (0.63, 17.36)

2.00

0.157

 Self-drive

1.01

2.76 (0.51, 15.03)

1.37

0.241

Air transfer

 Yes

1

 No

3.47

32.14 (4.08, 253.11)

10.86

0.001

Ambulance

 Yes

1

 No

 − 1.39

0.25 (0.10, 0.64)

8.44

0.004

Land ambulance

 Yes

1

 No

1.79

5.99 (2.40, 14.95)

14.68

 < 0.001

Sea ambulance

 Yes

1

 No

1.90

6.70 (2.82, 15.92)

18.56

 < 0.001