Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants according to CPR duration
Variables | Total (n = 48) | CPR duration | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 40 min (n = 29) | > 40 min (n = 19) | ||||
Age, (years) # | (Mean ± SD) | 41.50 ± 13.15 | 37.10 ± 9.43 | 50.32 ± 14.21 | 0.001* |
Gender, n (%) †| Male | 36 (75) | 20 (69) | 16 (84.2) | 0.233 |
| Â | Female | 12 (25) | 9 (31) | 3 (15.8) | Â |
Nationality, n (%) †| Middle-East/Africa | 18 (37.5) | 12 (41.4) | 6 (31.6) | 0.493 |
| Â | Asian/South Asian | 30 (62.5) | 17 (58.6) | 13 (68.4) | Â |
Body Mass Index # | (Mean ± SD) | 26.52 ± 5.23 | 24.92 ± 3.63 | 28.98 ± 6.37 | 0.007* |
Severity of disease, | SOFA score | 11.69 ± 4.12 | 9.34 ± 3.27 | 15.26 ± 2.28 | 0.001* |
(Mean ± SD) # | APACHE II score | 27.54 ± 8.21 | 25.62 ± 8.61 | 30.47 ± 6.76 | 0.044* |
Comorbidities †| yes (%) | 15 (31.3) | 5 (17.2) | 10 (52.6) | 0.010* |
Types of comorbidities †| Prior Ischemic heart disease | 9 (18.8) | 3 (10.3) | 6 (31.6) | 0.127 |
| Â | Diabetes | 6 (12.5) | 2 (6.9) | 4 (21.1) | 0.197 |
| Â | Hypertension | 4 (8.3) | 3 (10.3) | 1 (5.3) | 0.479 |
| Â | Chronic respiratory disease | 8 (16.7) | 4 (13.8) | 4 (21.1) | 0.695 |
Cardiac arrest location †| In hospital (IHCA) | 11 (22.9) | 10 (34.5) | 1 (5.3) | 0.019* |
| Â | Out-of-hospital (OHCA) | 37 (77.1) | 19 (65.5) | 18 (94.7) | Â |
Bystander-witnessed †| yes (%) | 45 (93.8) | 27 (93.1) | 18 (94.7) | 0.819 |
Bystander CPR †| yes (%) | 47 (97.9) | 29 (100) | 18 (94.7) | 0.396 |
Initial shockable rhythm †| yes (%) | 16 (33.3) | 13 (44.8) | 3 (15.8) | 0.037* |
Collapse-to-CPR | (Mean ± SD) | 6.31 ± 3.37 | 5.28 ± 3.46 | 7.89 ± 2.58 | 0.007* |
Cause of cardiac arrest †| Ischemic heart disease | 21 (43.8) | 12 (41.4) | 9 (47.4) | 0.223 |
| Â | Pulmonary embolism | 6 (12.5) | 2 (6.9) | 4 (21.1) | Â |
| Â | Others | 21 (43.8) | 15 (51.7) | 6 (31.6) | Â |