Outcomes | № of participants (studies) Follow-up | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Relative effect (95% CI) | Anticipated absolute effects | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk with IV morphine | Risk difference with PCA morphine | ||||
Patient satisfaction | 1166 (5 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁⨁ High | not estimable | 734 per 1,000 | 734 fewer per 1,000 (734 fewer to 734 fewer) |
Number of patients requiring additional analgesia | 760 (3 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderatea | OR 0.47 (0.34 to 0.64) | 387 per 1,000 | 158 fewer per 1,000 (210 fewer to 99 fewer) |
Adverse effect: Nausea/Vomiting | 684 (5 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderatea | OR 1.25 (0.82 to 1.90) | 214 per 1,000 | 40 more per 1,000 (32 fewer to 127 more) |
Pain | 1405 (8 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderateb | - | - | SMD 0.2 lower (0.55 lower to 0.14 higher) |
Pain by dosage - Low dosage (less than 1 mg) | 166 (2 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderatea | - | - | SMD 0.36 lower (0.67 lower to 0.06 lower) |
Pain by dosage - High dosage (more than 1 mg) | 179 (2 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderatea | - | - | SMD 0.38 lower (0.68 lower to 0.09 lower) |
Pain by intervals - Pain measured at 120 min | 868 (3 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderateb | - | - | SMD 0.3 lower (1.08 lower to 0.49 higher) |